Why Was the Abbasid Period the Golden Age of Islamic Civilization?
Discover how Baghdad became a center of science, culture, trade, and translation during the Abbasid period, shaping the golden age of Islamic civilization.
Why Was the Abbasid Period the Golden Age of Islamic Civilization? →
What Was the Karbala Event? The Great Turning Point in Islamic History
What was the Karbala event and why did it happen? Yazid’s succession, the letters from Kufa, the siege of Karbala and what happened on 10 Muharram 61 (680).
What Was the Karbala Event? The Great Turning Point in Islamic History →
The Reign of Abdulhamid II: Despotism or Modernization in Reality?
The reign of Abdulhamid II is examined in historical balance through debates over despotism and reforms in education, telegraphy, railways, and diplomacy.
The Reign of Abdulhamid II: Despotism or Modernization in Reality? →
What Did an Ottoman Qadi Do? What Was Daily Life Like in the Courts?
What did an Ottoman qadi do? Cases, sharia court registers, price-fixing and market inspection, the qadi’s career and how the court worked day to day.
What Did an Ottoman Qadi Do? What Was Daily Life Like in the Courts? →
What Was the Cülus Bahşişi? Ottoman Enthronement Ceremonies and Their Meaning
What was the cülus bahşişi that a new Ottoman sultan distributed on his accession? The enthronement ceremony at the Gate of Felicity, its recipients, the Janissaries’ demands and the burden it placed on the treasury.
What Was the Cülus Bahşişi? Ottoman Enthronement Ceremonies and Their Meaning →
What Was the Imperial Reform Edict? Equality Debate and Its Effects in the Ottoman Empire
What was the Imperial Reform Edict? The edict of 18 February 1856: its link to the Crimean War and the Treaty of Paris, its provisions, the equality debate it sparked and its effects.
What Was the Imperial Reform Edict? Equality Debate and Its Effects in the Ottoman Empire →
What Was the Tanzimat Edict? The Beginning of Change in the Ottoman Empire
What was the Tanzimat Edict? The Edict of Gülhane, read out on 3 November 1839: the crisis behind it, its provisions, the debate over who prepared it, its implementation and its consequences.
What Was the Tanzimat Edict? The Beginning of Change in the Ottoman Empire →
Why Was the Janissary Corps Abolished? Behind the Auspicious Incident
Explore the abolition of the Janissary Corps, the causes of the Auspicious Incident, Mahmud II's reforms, and the transformation of the Ottoman army.
Why Was the Janissary Corps Abolished? Behind the Auspicious Incident →
Why Was the Treaty of Passarowitz a Turning Point for the Ottomans?
Why was the Treaty of Passarowitz, signed on 21 July 1718, a turning point for the Ottomans? The wars that led to it, the peace talks, its terms and the lands later recovered.
Why Was the Treaty of Passarowitz a Turning Point for the Ottomans? →
How Mimar Sinan’s Works Brought Ottoman Architecture to Its Peak
How many buildings did Mimar Sinan leave, and which is his greatest work? Mimar Sinan's works by period and type, from the Şehzade, Süleymaniye and Selimiye mosques to the Kırkçeşme water system and the waqf complexes.
How Mimar Sinan’s Works Brought Ottoman Architecture to Its Peak →
