Modernization and Reforms
From Selim III's Nizam-ı Cedid army of the 1790s through Mahmud II's abolition of the Janissaries (1826), the sweeping Tanzimat decrees of 1839 and 1856, and the Kanun-ı Esasi constitution of 1876, this category traces the Ottoman Empire's century-long modernisation journey. Articles examine the First and Second Constitutional eras, Young Turk politics and the Committee of Union and Progress, educational reforms, military restructuring, the introduction of railways and telegraph, legal codifications such as the Mecelle, and how reformers from Mustafa Reşid Pasha to the late CUP attempted to transform a multi-ethnic empire into a modern state. The complex legacy of Ottoman reform shaped Republican Turkey, the modern Middle East, and the post-Ottoman Balkans.
Who are the Young Ottomans?
Young Ottomans, 19. It is a group of intellectuals and bureaucrats who emerged in the Ottoman Empire in the second...
Who are the Young Ottomans? →
Which one did the Ottoman Empire announce at the time of the shipyard conference?
The question of which one the Ottoman Empire announced at the time of the Shipyard conference was held in the...
Which one did the Ottoman Empire announce at the time of the shipyard conference? →
Democratization Movements in the Ottoman Empire
Democratization Movements in the Ottoman Empire refer to the important steps taken to change the political structure and social dynamics...
Democratization Movements in the Ottoman Empire →
Ottoman Intellectual Movements: Ottomanism, Islamism, Turkism, Westernism
In the last century of the Ottoman Empire, the answers to the question “how can the state be saved?” gathered...
Ottoman Intellectual Movements: Ottomanism, Islamism, Turkism, Westernism →
With the Proclamation of Which Regime Change Took Place in the Ottoman Empire?
In the long and turbulent history of the Ottoman Empire, profound transformations have taken place with the combination of many...
With the Proclamation of Which Regime Change Took Place in the Ottoman Empire? →
