Jerusalem was taken from the Mamluks by the Ottoman Sultan Yavuz Sultan Selim in 1517 and joined the Ottoman lands. The Ottoman Empire’s four-hundred-year rule of Jerusalem ended with the entry of British forces into the city in December 1917, during the turbulent period of the First World War.
This loss caused the Ottoman Empire to lose its strategic position in the Middle East and change the fate of the Palestinian lands. During the First World War, the Ottoman Empire sided with the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria) and faced the Entente Powers such as England and France.
British forces led by British General Edmund Allenby in 1917 reached Jerusalem in December after intense fighting and a series of bloody battles. This operation of the British, called the “Palestine and Sinai Front”, was a strategic move that seriously shook the dominance of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East and threatened other Ottoman cities in the region.
Ottoman rule officially ended with General Allenby’s entry into Jerusalem on December 11, 1917. One of the main reasons behind the British capture of Jerusalem was to ensure the security of the Suez Canal and to eliminate the Ottoman threats against Egypt. The loss of Jerusalem resulted in the weakening of the Ottoman Empire’s military power in Syria and Palestine.
Under which sultan was Jerusalem lost?
Jerusalem, which came under Ottoman rule after the Egyptian Expedition in 1517, was also very important during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, and the walls of the city were rebuilt. The Ottoman Empire did not pay special attention to the city of Jerusalem. This was due to both religious and strategic reasons.
However, in the 20th century. When it comes to the century, the Ottoman Empire, especially in the 1st century. The fact that it started to lose power in World War II also weakened its control over Jerusalem. In 1917, 1. During World War II, Jerusalem was taken from the Ottoman Empire by British forces.
During this period, Sultan Mehmet Reşat V was on the Ottoman throne. However, the person who actively ruled the country was Enver Pasha with the Union and Progress administration. Troops under the command of British General Edmund Allenby captured Jerusalem on December 9, 1917 as a result of the attacks they launched against the Ottoman army. This event was recorded as a significant loss in the last periods of the Ottoman Empire.
On Which Front Were Palestine and Jerusalem Lost?
In the process that started with the collapse of the Ottoman Empire , Palestine and Jerusalem turned into a field of contention between the great powers. The British occupation of the region in the First World War completely changed the political balances in the region. After the Second World War, the United Nations’ decision to establish a Jewish state in Palestine further deepened the conflicts in the region.
Before the First World War, Jerusalem was among the lands of the Ottoman Empire . However, since it is a holy place for all monotheistic religions, Jerusalem was one of the first places to be occupied.
On which front were Palestine and Jerusalem lost? The answer to the question is the Palestine and Sinai Front. The region was taken from the Ottoman Empire and occupied by the British and other countries with which Britain was allied.
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